Esther

VOCABULARY

A

à, to, for, with, in. abaisser, to lower, abase; s'—, to bow down. abandonner, to abandon, deliver up, forsake. abattre, to beat down. abîme, m., abyss, chasm. abolir, to abolish, wipe out. abondance, f., abundance. abri, m., shelter; mettre à l'—, to shield. absolu, absolute. abuser, to deceive. accabler, to overwhelm, crush. accepter, to accept; ne pas —, to decline. accompagner, to accompany. accord, m., chord (of music). accorder, to grant. accourir, to run, flock. acheter, to buy. achever (de), to finish. acte, m., act. action, f., action, deed. adieu, farewell. admettre, to admit. admirer, to admire, marvel at. adopter, to adopt. adorer, to worship. adoucir, to soften. adresser (s'), to appeal, adroit, skilful, clever. adultère, criminal. affecter de, to claim to. affliger, to distress. affranchir, to rid. affreu-x, -se, hideous, awful. affront, m., affront, insult. affronter, to brave. âge, m., age, years. agir, to act; — sur, to work upon. agité, tossed; — de, disturbed, fretting over. agiter, to disturb. agneau, m., lamb. agreable, agreeable, sweet, acceptable. aider, to aid, assist. aïeux, m. pl., ancestors, forefathers. aigrir, to sour, embitter. aile, f., wing. ailleurs, elsewhere. aimable, lovable, sweet, easy. aimer, to love. ainsi, thus; — quo, as well as; il en est — de, such is the case with. airain, m., brass. alarme, f., alarm, fear. alarmé, alarmed, frightened. allegresse, f., joy. aller, to go. allumer, to light, kindle. alors, then, at the time, in those days. altéré de, thirsting for. alternativement, alternately. alti-er, -ère, haughty. Amalécite, Amalekite. Aman, Haman. amas, m., heap. amasser, to heap up, collect. amateur, m., lover. ame, f., soul. amener, to bring, bring round. amertume, f., bitterness. ami (de), m., friend (to). amitié, f., friendship, affection. amour, m., love. an, m., year. anéantir, to bring to naught. ange, m., angel. animé, animated; — a, keen, bent upon; — de, fired with. annales, f. pl., (yearly) records. annoncer, to announce, bring news. antique, ancient, aged. apaiser, to appease, s'—, to be appeased. appareil, m., show. appartement, m., apartment, room, private rooms. appeler, to call, summon, court; faire —, to summon. appesanti, weighing, laid heavily. applaudir, to applaud; s'— de, to enjoy, rejoice in. apprendre, to learn, teach, tell. apprêter, to make ready. approcher (de), to draw near, be nigh to. appui, m., aid, support, might. appuyer, to confirm, s'— sur, to lean upon. après, after. aquilon, m., north-wind. arbitre, m., master, lord. ardent, glowing. arme, f., arm, weapon. armée, f., army, host. armer, to arm, use as a weapon; s'—, to take up arms. arracher, to tear off. arrêt, m., decree, order, doom. arrêter, to restrain. arriver, to arrive, come round. artifice, m., art, artfulness, cunning, deception, malice. Asie, f; Asia. asile, m., asylum, refuge, abode. aspect, m., aspect, sight. aspirer à, to strive to. assassinat, m., assassination, murder. assassiner, to murder. assembler, to assemble, gather together. asaeoir, to seat; s'—, to sit. assez, enough. assidu (à), constant (in). assiéger, to besiege. assurer, to make sure, safeguard, reassure. astre, m., star (i.e. any heavenly body). atours, m. pl., attire, garments. attacher, to bind, fasten, rivet. atteinte, f., impression. attendre, to await, wait for, expect. attentat, m., crime. attenti-f, -ve, attentive. attester, to call upon. attirer, to attract, provoke. attrait, m., attraction, charm, spell. audace, f., audacity. audacieu-x, -se, audacious, bold; m., bold person. auguste, august, noble, royal. aujourd'hui, to-day. auprès de, near, about, by the side of. aurore, f., dawn. aussi, also. aussitôt, at once, instantly. austère, strict. austérité, f., austerity, seriousness. autant (que), as much (as); d'— moins, so much the less. autel, m., altar. auteur, m., author; les —s de mes jours, the authors of my being; i.e. my parents. autre, other, different, another. autrefois, former, of yore. autrui, m., other people, others. avancer (s'), to advance. avant, before (in time); — tout, first of all. avantage, m., advantage, privilege, merit. avec, with. avenir, m., future. aversion, f., aversion, dislike, hatred. aveugle, blind. aveuglement, m., blindness. aveugler, to blind. avide (de), greedy, thirsting (for). avis, m., opinion, advice, notice, information. avoir, to have. avouer, to confess,

B

baiser, to kiss. baisser, to lower. balance, f., scales. bandeau, m., fillet, (part of royal headdress). bannir, to banish. barbare, barbarous. barriere, f., barrier, rampart, defence, bas, -se, low. bassesse, f., evil. beau, bel, belle, beautiful beaucoup, much. beauté, f., beauty. bénir, to bless. besoin, m., need. bien, well. bien, m., blessing; —s, wealth. bien-fait, m., benefit, service, favor, blessing. bienheureu-x, -se, happy, thrice happy. bientôt, soon. blasphémer, to blaspheme. boire, to drink. bon, -ne, good, kind. bonheur, m., happiness, success. bonté, f., goodness; —s, mercies. bord, m., edge, shore. borne, f., limit. borner, to limit. bouche, f., mouth, lips. bout, m., end. bras, m., arm. braver, to defy. breuvage, m., beverage. bride, f., bridle. brigue, f., canvass, party. briguer, to canvass for, solicit, brillant, brilliant, bright. briller, to shine. briser, to break, dash. bruit, m., noise, rumor, report. but, m., goal.

C

cabale, f., cabal, plot. cacher (à), to hide (from). calme, m., calm, peace. calme, calm. calmer, to calm. calomnie, f., calumny. campagne, f., fields. cantique, m., hymn. caprice, m., fickleness, capriciousness. capti-f, -ve, m., f., captive, prisoner, slave; also adj. captivité, f., captivity. carnage, m., slaughter. cause, f., case. causer, to cause, give. ce, cet, m., cette, f., this, that, it; ces, pl., these, those. cèdre, m., cedar. célèbre, celebrated, famous. célébrer, to celebrate, sing. celui, m., celle, f., he, she, the one; ceux, m. pl; celles, f. pl., those. cendre, f., ashes. cent, a hundred. cependant, meanwhile, however. certain, certain, assured. cesser, to cease. chacun, each. chagrin, m., grief, gloom. Chaldée, f., Chaldaea. Chaldéen, m., Chaldee. chaleur, f., heat, warmth. chambre, f., chamber, room. champ, m., field. chanceler, to stagger, waver. chant, m., song. chanter, to sing. chaque, each, every, charmant, delightful. charmer, to charm, soothe. chasser, to chase, drive away. châtier, to chastise, punish. châtiment, m., punishment. chef, m., chief. chemin, m., road, path, way. ch-er, -ère, dear, precious. chercher, to seek. chéri, cherished, beloved. chérir, to love, cherish. cheveux, m. pl., hair. chez, at or in, or to the house or apartments of. choeur, m., chorus. choisir, to choose. choix, m., choice. chose, f., thing; quelque —, something, anything. chute, f., fall, downfall. ciel, m., cieux, pl., sky, heaven. cilice, m., hair-shirt. clarté, f., tight; —s, wisdom. clemence, f., clemency, mercy. climat, m., climate, clime. coeur, m., heart. colère, f., anger, wrath. colombe, f., dove. combat, m., battle. combattre, to combat, fight. combien, how, how much. comble, m., height; pour — de gloire, for crowning glory. combler de, to load with (good things). commander, to command, bid. comme, as, like, how. commencer, to begin. commettre, to commit; entrust. compagne, f., companion. comparaître, to appear (in answer to summons). comparer, to compare. complot, m., plot. compter, to count, reckon, hold. condamnable, blameworthy. condamner, to condemn. conduire, to conduct, lead, guide, bring about. conduite, f., conduct, practice; ordering, management. confiance, f., trust. confident, -e, confidant, confidential friend. confier, to confide; se — to trust. confondre, to confound, put to confusion. conforme, suitable. confus, confused, troubled. conjurer, to beseech. connaître, to know, distinguish, spare. consacrer, to commemorate. conseil, m., counsel, advice; council. conserver, to preserve. conspirer, to agree. consulter, to consult. consumer, to consume. contempler, to gaze upon. content, glad, satisfied. contenter, to satisfy. coner, to relate. contraire, contrary; au —, on the contrary. contre, against. contrée, f., region, land. contre-temps, m., untoward event, accident. convier, to invite. corps, m., body. corriger, to correct. côté, m., side; de tous —s, on all sides. couchant, m., setting sun, west. couler, to now. couleur, f., color, false color, false reason. coup, m., blow; tout à —, suddenly; encore un —, once more. coupable, guilty; m., offender. coupe, f., cup, goblet. couple, m., pair. cour, f., court. courber, to bend; se — to bow down. courir, to run. couronner, to crown. courroux, m., wrath. cours, m., course, vent. coursier, m., charger (horse). couteau, m., (sacrificial) knife. couvrir, to cover. craindre, to fear. crainte, f., fear. crédit, m., influence, power. crédule, credulous. cri, m., cry. crier, to shout. criminel, criminal. croire, to believe, think. croître, to increase. cruauté, f., cruelty. culte, m., worship, religion. curieu-x, -se, curious, inquisitive; désir —, curiosity.

D

daigner, to condescend, deign. danger, m., danger, peril. dans, in, into, to. de, of, from, by, with, in, on, among. débris, m., wreck, ,ruins. déceler, to betray. déchirer, to tear up. déclamer, to declaim, speak. déclarer, to declare. découvrir, to disclose, reveal. dédaigner, to spurn. dédain, m., disdain. dédans, au —, within. dédier, to dedicate. défendre, to defend, forbid. défense, f., defence, protection. degré, m., step (in a flight of stairs). déguiser, to disguise. dehorg; au —, outside, without. déjà, already. delà, au —, beyond. délices, f. pl., delights. délivrer, to rid. demlain, to-morrow. demander, to ask, demeurer, to remain. démon, m., devil. dépendre (de), to depend (upon), rest (with). dépit, m., vexation, wrath. déplorable, deplorable, miserable, woful. déployer, to unfold, stretch forth. déposer, to deposit, lay down. dépôt, m., deposit, thing entrusted, trust. dépouille, f., spoils. dépouiller, to strip, put off. depuis, since, for. derni-er, -ère, last. dérober (se) à, to steal away from. derrière, behind. des, as early as, in; — longtemps, for a long time past. descendre, to descend, come down, be descended. désert, m., desert. désespoir, m., despair. désir, m., desire, wish; — curieux, curiosity. désolé, distressed, miserable. désoler, to distress, decimate. désordre, m., disorder, confusion. désormais, henceforth. dessein, m., design. dessiller, to open (the eyes). destin, m., fate. destinée, f., destiny, fate. détacher, to divert. detestable, abominable. détester, to detest, hate. détourer, to turn away, avert, deflect. détruire, to destroy. deux, two. devancer, to anticipate, come before, rise before. devant, before, in front of, in the sight of. développer, to unravel. devenir, to become. devin, m., seer. devoir, to owe, have to, be to. devoir, m., duty. dévorer, to devour, swallow up, consume, put up with. diadème, m., diadem, crown. dicter, to dictate, suggest. Dieu, m., God. différer, to postpone, delay. digne, worthy. dire, to say, speak. discerner (de), to distinguish (from). discorde, f., discord. discours, m., speech. disgrâce, f., disfavor, downfall. disparaître, to disappear. disperser, to disperse, scatter. disputer, to fight for. dissimuler, to disemble, conceal. dissiper, to dispel, scatter. divin, divine, godsent. Divinité, f., divinity, godhead, God. diviser, to separate, be aloof. dix, ten. docile, docile, obedient. domestique, m., member of the household, officer. don, m., gift. donc, then, (often merely emphatic and not to be translated). donner, to give. dont, (genitive of qui,) of which, of whom; with which, with whom; by which, by whom. douceur, f., mildness, gentleness, favor, sweetness, sweets, joys. douleur, f., grief, woes. doute, m., doubt; sans —, doubtless. dou-x, -ce, sweet, favorable. droit, m., right. durant, during. durée, f., duration. dussiez, imp. subj. of devoir; — -vous, even though you were to.

E

eau, f., water. éblouir, to dazzle. écarté, remote. écarter, to remove, dispel, drive away. échapper à, to escape. éclair, m., lightning. éclaircir, to clear up. éclairer, to light, shine upon, enlighten. éclat, m., brilliancy, lustre, show; montrer avec —, to show to all men. éclatant, brilliant, striking. éclater, to burst, burst forth, be far-reaching; faire —, to show forth. éclore, to blossom. écouter, to listen to, hear. écrire, to write. écueil, m., rock. édit, m., edict, order, decree. effacer, to efface. effet, m., effect; en —, indeed. effort, m., effort, attempt. effrayant, terrifying. effrayer, to frighten, terrify. effroi, m., terror. effroyable, awful, terrible. égal, equal, the same; à l'— de, on a par with, equally with. égaler, to equal. égarer (s'), to stray, égorger, to butcher, slay. Egypte, f., Egypt. élancer (s'), to dart forth. élever, to raise, rear. éloigner, to remove, far away; s'—, to depart. embarras, m. pl; many cares. embarrasser, to perplex. embraser, to set fire to; s'—, to be kindled. embrasser, to embrace, espouse. éminent en, eminent for. emmener, to lead away. empoisonner, to poison, taint. emporter, to carry away; l'—, to win the day. empreint, imprinted. empressé, eager. empresser (s'), to be eager to. emprunter, to borrow. en, of or from him, her, it, them; some; as a; at it; on that account. en, in. encens, m., incense. enchaîné, chained, tied. enchaînement, m., chain of events. enchaîner, to link. encor, encore, still. endormir (s'), to fall asleep. endroit, m., place, spot. endurer, to endure, put up with. enfance, f., childhood, enfant, m. f., child. enfanter, to beget. enfer, m., enfers, pl., hell. enfin, at length, at last, lastly, in short, anyhow. enflammer, to inflame. enfoncer, to drive deeply. ennemi, m., enemy; adj., hostile. ennui, m., weariness, trouble, ennuyer, to weary; s'— à, to find no pleasure in. entasser, to heap up. entendre, to hear; se faire —, to be heard; to understand; faire —, to give to understand. enti-er, -ère, whole. entraîner, to sweep on, away. entre, between, among, in, above. entrée, f., entrance. envelopper, to wrap. envenimé, venomous. envi; à l'—, vieing with one another. envie, f., envy; porter — à, to envy. envier, to envy. environner, to surround. envisager, to review, consider. envoyer, to send, send forth. épars, scattered. éperdu, bewildered, helpless. épier, to spy. éploré, weeping. épouse, f., wife. épouvantable, terrific. époux, m., husband. épris, enamored. éprouver, to feel, put to the test. ener, to wander. erreur, f., error. esclave, m. f., slave, espérance, f., hope. espérer, to hope, trust, espoir, m., hope. esprit, m., mind, spirit, angel. essaim, m., swarm. essuyer, to wipe up, put up with. eatimer, to esteem. et, and; et . . . et . . ., both . . . and . . . état, m., state, condition. État, m., state (province, etc.). éteindre, to extinguish. étendard, m., standard, banner. éternel, eternal, immortal, ever-lasting; l'—, the Almighty. étinceler, to sparkle, flash. étonner (s'), to be astonished. étrange, strange. étrang-er, -ere, strange, foreign, unknown; m., stranger. être, to be, exist; — à, to belong to. étude, f., study. evanouir (s'), to vanish; to faint. éveiller, s'—, to wake. événement, m., event. éviter, to avoid. éxces, m., excess; — d'honneur, passing great honor. éxciter, to urge. exécrable, execrable, hateful. exécuter, to carry out. exemple, m., example. exercer, to wield. exiler, to exile. expirer, to expire. expliquer, to explain. exposer, to expose, reveal; s'—, to risk one's life, exprimer, to express, describe. exterminer, to exterminate, annihilate.

F

faible, weak. faiblement, weakly, little. faiblesse, f., weakness. faire, to make, do; play, take, speak the part of; c'est fait de, it is all over with. fait, m., fact, deed. faîte, m., top, head. falloir, to be necessary. fameu-x, -se, famous, far-famed. famille, f., family. farouche, fierce. fatal, fatal, fateful. fatiguer, to weary. fau-x, -sse, false. faveur, f., favor; en — de, on behalf of. favorable, favorable, propitious. favori, favorite. fécond, fruitful. feint, feigned, hypocritical. félicité, f., great happiness. femme, f., woman, wife. fer, m., iron, steel, sword; —s, fetters, chains. ferme, firm, strong. fermer, to close. festin, m; feasting, banquet, feast. fête, f., feast, festival. feu, m., fire. fidèle, faithful, constant. fi-er, -ère, proud. fièrement, proudly. figurer, to figure, represent. fil, m., thread. fille, f., girl, daughter. fils, m., son. fin, f., end; à la —, at last. flambeau, m., torch. flatter, to flatter, gratify. flèche, f., arrow. fléchir, to bend. florissant, flourishing, thriving. flotter, to float, waver. foi, f., faith, promise, word, truth, loyalty, faithfulness. fois, f., (repeated) time; e.g. deux —, twice; cent —, a hundred times; à la —, at the same time. fond, m., back, depths. fonder, to base, found, build; fondé sur, strong in, (e.g. based upon). forcer, to force, compel. former, to form, make, contrive, train. fort, m., fort, fortress. fou, folle, mad, senseless. foudre, f., thunder (bolt). foudroyer, to strike down (as by a thunderbolt). foule, f., crowd. fouler, to trample. fragile, frail; roseau —, broken reed. frapper, to strike. fraude, f., deception. frayeur, f., fear. frémir, to shudder, tremble. frémissement, m., thrill, shudder. frère, m., brother, dear friend. frissonner, to shudder. frivole, frivolous. front, m., forehead, brow. frontière, f., frontier. fugiti-f, -ve, fleeing, fleeting. fuir, to fly from, shun. fuite, f., flight. funèbre, funereal, black, dark. funeste, baneful. fureur, f., fury; en —, furious, raging. furieu-x, -se, furious, ravening.

G

gage, m., pledge, token, mark. gagner, to win. garde, m., guard. garder, to keep, observe, gémir, to moan, groan. gémissement, m., moan, groan. généreu-x, -se, generous, lofty. genou, m., knee; à —x, on (their) knees. glacer, to chill; se —, to freeze. glaive, m., sword. gloire, f., glory. glorieu-x, -se, glorious. glorifier, to glorify. goût, m., taste; avoir — à, to have a taste for. goûter, to taste, enjoy. gouverner, to govern, rule, wield. grâce, f., grace, graciousness, charm, attraction, favor; trouver —, to find favor. grand, great, big, large. grand, m., grandee, noble. grandeur, f., greatness, grandeur. graver, to engrave, gré; à son —, at will. grossir, to swell. guerre, f., war. guider, to guide, lead,

H

habillements, m. pl., garments. habiller, to dress. habit, m., coat; fl., clothes, raiment. habiter, to dwell, inhabit. haine, f., hatred. haïr, to hate, loathe. hardi, bold, audacious. harmonic, f., harmony. hasarder, to risk. haut, high, loud; du — de, from the height of. hé, why! what! hé —? what? Hébreu, m., Hebrew, Jew. hélas! alas! Hellespont, Hellespont (the modern Dardanelles). heraut, m., herald. herbe, f., grass. hérésie, f., heresy, false religious doctrine. héritage, m., inheritance. héritier, m., heir. héros, m., hero. heure, f., hour; les —s, time. heureu-x, -se, happy, successful. histoire, f., story. holà! here! homicide, homicidal, murderous. hommage, m., homage. homme, m., man, honneur, m., honor. honorer, to honor. honte, f., shame. honteux, shameful. horreur, f., horror, awe, horrible thing, horrible thought. humain, human; les —s, mankind. humilier, to humble.

I

ici, here, idée, f., thought, mind. idole, f., idol. Idumée, f., Idumaea. ignominie, f., ignominy, shame. ignorer, not to know. illustre, illustrious. image, f., image, vision. immobile, immovable. immoler, to sacrifice. immortel, -le, immortal. impie, impious. impiété, f., impiety, the impious. impitoyable, pitiless. implacable, implacable, unappeasable. implorer, to implore, beseech. important, important, weighty. importer, to be of importance; il n'importe, no matter. imposteur, m., impostor. impuissant, powerless, impotent. impur, unclean, foul. imputer, to ascribe. inanimé, inanimate, lifeless. inconnu, unknown. inconstance, f., inconstancy, restlessness, fickleness. Inde, Indus (river). Indien, m., Indian. indigne, unworthy, shameful. indompté, wild, untamed, indomitable. inévitable, unavoidable. inexorable, inexorable, unmovable. infecter, to pollute. infidèle, faithless, infidel, heretic. inflexible, inflexible, unbending. infortuné, unhappy, unfortunate. ingénieux, ingenious, skilful. ingrat, ungrateful. injure, f., wrong, insult, injury. innocent, innocent, pure. innombrable, innumerable. inouï, unheard of. inqui-et, -ète, anxious. inquiéter, to make anxious. inquiétude, f., anxiety. insensé, senseless, foolish. insipide, insipid, tasteless; devenir —, to pall upon. insolent, m., insolent man. inspirer, to inspire. instrument, m., instrument, means, musical instrument, insulter, to insult; — à, to mock. interdit, confused, perplexed. intéressé, self-seeking. intéresser, to cause to be interested. intérêt, w., interest, self-interest, greed; claim, prize, need, cause. intérieur, inner; palais —, private apartments of a palace. interroger, to examine, 'search the heart of'. interrompre, to interrupt. intestine, civil. introduire, to introduce, show. inutile, useless. invariable, unchanging. inventer, to invent. irrité, angry, angered. irriter, to anger. Israelite, m. f., Israelite, Jew, Jewess; adj. Jewish. issu, sprung. ivre, drunk.

J

jadis, formerly, long ago. jalousie, f., jealousy. jaloux, jealous. jamais, ever; ne . . . —, never. jardin, m., garden. jeter, to throw, cast. jeu, m., game, sport. jeune, young. jeûne, m., fast, fasting. joie, f., joy. jouet, m., toy, plaything, sport. joug, m., yoke. jouir de, to enjoy. jour, m., day, light; voir le —, to be born; mettre au —, to give birth to; —s, life. Jourdain, m., Jordan (river). journée, f., day, date. juger, to judge. Jui-f, -ve, Jew, Jewess. jurer, to swear. jusqu'à, jusques à, as far as, even to. juste, just, merciful; m., just man. justement, justly.

L

  là, there; de —, hence.
  laisser, to allow, leave.
  lambeau, m., rag, tatter.
  langage, m., language.
  langue, f., tongue.
  larme, f., tear.
  las, -se, tired, weary.
  lasser, to weary, pall upon; se —, to tire, grow weary.
  lég-er, -ère, light.
  léopard, m., leopard,
  leur, their; to them, them.
  lever, to lift, raise; se —, to arise.
  libation, f., libation (offering of wine, etc.).
  libre, free.
  lier, to tie, bind,
  lieu, m., place, spot.
  ligue, f., league, banded forces.
  lire, to read.
  lit, m., bed.
  livre, m., book.
  livrer, to deliver up.
  loi, f., law.
  loin, far.
  long, -ue, long, slow.
  longtemps, long.
  lorsque, when.
  louange, f., praise.
  loup, m., wolf.
  lui, he, him; to him, to her; — -meme, himself, the same.
  luire, to shine; faire —, to flash.
  lumière, f., light.

M

magnanime, magnanimous. magnifique, magnificent, splendid, noble. main, f., hand. maintenant, now, at present. mais, but. maître, m., master. maîtresse, f., mistress, queen. majesté, f., majesty. mal, m., hurt, offence. mal, badly, ill. malédiction, f., malediction, curses. malgré, in spite of. malheur, m., misfortune, woe. malheureu-x, -se, unfortunate, unhappy; m., wretch, wretched being. malice, f., wickedness; —s, 'slings and arrows' (of fortune). manquer, to be lacking. marbre, m., marble. marcher, to walk, go. Mardochée, Mordecai. marque, f., mark, token. marquer, to mark, fix, set. matin, m., morning. maudire, to curse. méchant, wicked. mêler, to mingle, mix; se — à, to mingle with. membre, m., limb. même, even; adj., same, very, self; un —, one and the same. mêmoire, f., memory. menacer, to menace, threaten. mener, to lead. mensonge, m., untruth. mensong-er, -ère, lying. menteu-r, -se, lying. mépriser, to scorn, spurn. mer, f., sea. merci, f, mercy. mérite, m., merit, deserts. mériter, to deserve. merveille, f., marvel, wonder. mesurer, to measure. mets, m., meat, dish. mettre, to put, place. meurtre, m., murder. mieux, better, the better; le, la —, the best. milieu, m., middle. mille, a thousand. ministre, m., steward, minister. misérable, wretched. modèle, m., model, example. moi, I, me; — -même, myself. moindre, less; le, la —, the least; vos — . . . , your least . . . moins, — de, less; au —, at the least, so much as; du —, at least, at any rate; d'autant —, so much the less. mois, m., month. moitié, f., half; à —, half. mollesse, f., softness, luxury. mon, ma, mes, my. monarque, m., monarch. monde, m., world. mont, m., mount, mountain, hill. montagne, f., hill, monter, to rise. montrer, to show. monument, m., monument; reminder, record. mort, f., death. mortel, -le, mortal, m., les —s, mankind. mot, m., word. mourir, se —, to die. muet, -te, dumb. mur, m., wall. mystère, m., mystery.

N

  nager, to swim.
  naissance, f., birth.
  naissant, young, growing, (lit. just being born).
  naître, to be born.
  ne . . . pas, point, not; — de, no.
  ne . . . plus, no longer, no more.
  ne . . . que, only.
  néant, m., nothingness; comme un —, as if it were nothing.
  neveux, m. pl., posterity.
  ni . . . ni, neither . . . nor.
  noces, f. pl., nuptials.
  noeud, m., knot, tie, bond.
  noir, black.
  nom, m., name.
  nombreux, numerous.
  nommer, to name; se —, to be called, be named.
  notre, pl., nos, our.
  nourrir, to feed, nourish, cherish.
  nouveau, nouvel, nouvelle, new.
  noyer, to drown.
  nuage, cloud.
  nuit, f., night.
  nul, -le, no.

O

obéir à, to obey, comply with. obeissance, f., obedience. objet, m., object. obscur, obscure, mysterious. obscurcir, to darken. obscurité, f., obscurity. observer, to observe, notice. obtenir, to obtain, win. occuper, to occupy, fill. odeur, f., smell, fragrance. odieu-x, -se, hateful. oeil, m., eye. oeuvre, f., work. offense, f., offence, offence given, sin. offensé, hurt, wounded. officier, m., officer. offrir, to offer. ombre, f., shadow, darkness. on, one, a man, people, you, they. oncle, m., uncle. opposer, to oppose. oppresseur, m., oppressor. opprobre, m., shame, Bcum. opulence, f., wealth. or, m., gold. orage, m., storm. orageu-x, -se, stormy. ordonner, to command, order, prepare. ordre, m., order, summons. oreille, f., ear. orgueil, m., pride. orgueilleux, proud. ornement, m., ornament, adornment. orner, to adorn. orphelin, m., orphan. oser, to dare. ou, or; — . . . —, either . . . or. où, where, when, in which; d'—, whence. oubli, m., forgetfulness. oublier, to forget, se faire —, to be forgotten (lit. make people forget one). outrager, to outrage, oppress. ouvrage, m., work, handiwork.

P

pacifique, peaceful, favorable. paille, f., straw; — légère, chaff. paisible, peaceful. paix, f., peace. palais, m., palace. pâle, pale. pâleur, f., pallor, whiteness. pâlir, to turn pale. par, by. paraître, to appear. pareil, similar, like; — à, like unto. parer, to adorn, deck. parfait, perfect. parler, to speak. parmi, among, in the ranks of. parole, f., word. parricide, parricidal. part, f., share, side; de toutes —s, on all sides. partage, m., lot. partager, to share, diffuse, distribute. Parthe, m., Parthian. partie, f., part; in part. partir, to depart, go; — de, to come from. partout, everywhere. pas, m., step. pas; ne . . . —, not; ne . . . — de, no. passage, m., way, channel. passag-er, -ère, temporary, fleeting. passé, m., past. passer, to pass over, by; se —, to go on, take place. patrie, f., country, pâture, f., pasture, food. pavé, m., pavement, stone floor. payer, to pay for. pays, m., country, land. pécher, to sin. peindre, to paint, depict. peine, f., distress, penalty; à —, hardly. pencher, to sway, lean. pendant, during; — que, while. pénétrer, to penetrate; pénétré de, thrilled with. pensée, f., thought. penser, to think; — à, to think of. Que penses-tu? What is thy suggestion? percer, to pierce. perdre, to lose, destroy. père, m., father. perfide, perfidious, treacherous. perfidie, f., treachery. péril, m., peril, danger. périr, to perish. permettre, to permit, suffer, allow. Persan, Persian. Perse, f., Persia. persécuteur, m., persecutor. personnage, m., character (in a play); —s, dramatis personae. perte, f., loss, destruction. peu, little. peuple, m., nation, people, host. peupler, to people. peut-être, may be, perhaps. pied, m., foot. piège, m., snare. pierre, f., stone. piété, f., Piety, Love of God. pitié, f., pity. place, f., place, room, square. placer, to place, set. plaindre, to pity; se —, to complain. plainte, f., complaint. plaire (à), to please; se — (à), to enjoy. plaisir, m., pleasure. plein, full. pleurer, to weep, weep over. pleurs, m. pl., tears. plier, to bend. plonger, to steep. ployer, to bend. plus, more: — de, more than; le, la, les —, most, the most. plusieurs, several. plutôt, rather. poids, m., weight. point, m., point; sur le — que, just when; de — en —, in every particular; ne . . . —, not; ne . . . — de, no. pompe, f., pomp. pompeusement, magnificently. pompeu-x, -se, pompous, splendid. porte, f., door, gate. porter, to carry, bear. portique, m., porch. poser, to place, set. posséder, to possess, have, enjoy. possesseur, m., owner. postérité, f.; posterity, descendants. poudre, f., dust. pour, for, to, in order to, in favor or defence of. pourpre, f., purple. pourquoi, why? poursuivre, to pursue. pousser, to impel. poussière, f., dust. pouvoir, m., power. pouvoir, to be able; se —, to be possible. pratiques, f. pl., plottings. précieu-x, -se, precious. prédestiné, predestined. préférer, to prefer. premi-er, -ère, first, former. prendre, to take; — un jour, to set a date. préparer, to prepare. près de, near to, in comparison with. présage, m., presage, omen. présence, f., presence. présent, m., present, gift; present (time). présenter, to present, offer; se —, to appear. pressant, pressing, imminent. presser, to be pressing, oppress. prétendre, to mean. prêter, to lend. prêtre, m., priest. prévenir, to warn, notify; forestall; anticipate, bias. prier, to pray. prière, f., prayer. privé de, deprived of, without. prix, m., price, prize, reward, penalty. prochain, adjoining. prodiguer, to lavish. profanation, f., profanation, desecration. profane, profane, unworthy; m., intruder. profiter, to take advantage. profond, deep, bottomless. proie, f., prey; en — à, a prey to. projet, m., project, plan, scheme. promettre, to promise. prompt, quick, prompt, ready; — à, eager to. promptement, promptly. prononcer, to decide. prophète, m., prophet. proposer, to propose, offer. propre, own. proscrit, proscribed, condemned. prospérer, to prosper, thrive. prospérité, f., prosperity. prosterné, bowed, prostrate. prosterner (se),to bow, bend the knee. protéger, to protect. prudence, f., prudence, tact. publi-c, -que, public. publier, to make known. pudeur, f., modesty, shame. puis, then. puiser, to draw (as from a well). puisque, since. puissance, f., power, might. puissant, powerful, mighty. puisse, puissent, (subj. pres. of pouvoir) may . . .! punir, to punish. pur, pure, genuine. purifier, to purify, cleanse.

Q

  quand, when.
  que, whom, which, that; let . . .! what? why?
    How! — de! What a number of!
  quel, -le, what? which? what! what a!
  quel que, whoever.
  quelque, whatever, some.
  quelqu'un, one, someone.
  querelle, f., quarrel, cause; pour ta —, on your behalf.
  qui, who, which, that.
  quiconque, whoever, whose.
  quitter, to leave, forsake, take off.
  quoi? hé —! What!

R

rage, f., rage, fury. rallumer, to rekindle. rang, m., rank, high position; mettre au — de, to consider, deem. ranger, to draw up; se —, to gather. rassembler, to gather together. rassurer, to reassure, calm the fears of. ravir, to ravish, take (the life), rob; — à, to take from. ravisseur, m., ravisher, destroyer. rebâtir, to rebuild. rebut, m., scum, recevoir, to receive. récit, m., tale, story. récompense, f., reward. récompenser, to reward. reconnaissance, f., gratitude, reconnaître, to recognize, acknowledge, reward. reculé, distant. redire, to repeat. redoubtable, redoutable. redouter, to dread. rêduire, to reduce, bring. refuser, to refuse. regagner, to seek again, go back to. regard, m., look. regarder, to look at, see. régler, to rule, se — sur, to be guided by. règne, m., reign. régner, to reign, be king or queen. regorger, to flow up. reine, f., queen. rejeter, to reject. rejoindre, to join. réjouir, to rejoice. relever, to raise again. remords, m., remorse. rempart, m., rampart. remplir, to fill. remporter, to carry off, win. renaître, to be born again. rendre, to give back, pay (hommage); make; se —, to go, attend. renfermer, to enclose, contain. rentrer, to return. renverser, to overthrow. repaire, m., den. repaître, to glut. répandre, to pour, shed, scatter, se —, to spread. réparer, to repair, atone for. repasser, to cross back over. repentir, m., repentance. répondre, to answer. réponse, f., answer, reply. repos, m., rest, peace. reposer, to rest; se—sur, to trust to. reprendre, to resume. représenter, to represent. reproche, m., reproach. reprocher, to reproach. répudier, to repudiate. réserver, to reserve, keep. respirer, to breathe. ressentir, to feel, be sensible to. resserrer (se), to be wrung. ressort, m., spring. reste, m., rest, remainder, remains; du —, moreover. rester, to remain. retenir, to detain, keep. retentir de, to echo with. retirer, to draw; se —, to withdraw. retour, m., return. retracer, to retrace, rehearse, tell. retrancher, to cut off. révéler, to reveal. revenir, to come back; — à soi, to come back to life. révérer, to revere, worship. revêtir, to clothe. revêtu, clothed, clad. revivre, to live again. revoir, to see again, review, revisit. révoquer, to revoke, cancel. Rhin, Rhine (river). riant, laughing. riche, rich. richesse, f., wealth, riches. rigueur, f., severity. risée, laughter, mockery. rivales, f. pl., rival queens. rive, f., bank. robe, f., robe, dress, gown. roi, m., king. rompre, to break. roseau, m., reed. rougeur, m., redness, flush. route, f., road, path. rudesse, f., hardness. rugir, to roar. ruisseau, m., stream.

S

sacré, sacred, holy. sage, wise. sagesse, f., wisdom. saint, holy, pious; m., saint. sais, indic. of savoir; un je ne — quel trouble, a nameless fear (_lit. an I-know-not-what agitation). saisissement, m., fright, terror. salaire, m., reward. salon, m., drawing-room, hall. salut, m., safety, welfare. salutaire, helpful, saving. sanctifier, to sanctify. sang, m., blood, race. sanglant, bloodthirsty. sanglot, m., sob. sanguinaire, bloodthirsty. sans, without, but for. sauvage, savage, wild. sauver, to save, save life. savant, learned. savoir, to know, know how to, succeed in. sceau, m., seal. scène, f., scene. sceptre, m., scepter. Scythe, m., Scythian. second, second, other, seconder, to second, support, back. secourir, to succour, rescue. secours, m., succour, help, aid. secr-et, -ète, secret. seditieux, seditious, mutinous. seigneur, m., Lord. sein, m., bosom, depths. sejour, m., abode, dwelling-place. sembler, to seem. semence, f; seed. semer, to sow. sentiment, m., feeling, opinion, view. sentir, to feel. séparé, apart, removed. séparer, to separate. sépulture, f., burial. serein, serene, cloudless, mild, favorable. service, m., service (rendered). servile, slavish. servir, to be a slave, serve, be of use; — de, to serve as a, be a; que sert? what is the use? servitude, f; slavery. seul, alone. seulement, only, just. sévère, severe, stem. sexe, m., sex, si, so, if, whether, siècle, m., century, age. signaler, to memorize, make famous. signer, to sign. simple, simple, mere; —s enfants, little children. sincère, sincere, faithful. Sion, Zion. sitôt, so soon, so quickly. soeur, f., sister. soin, m., care, pains; —s, attentions; avoir — de, to be sure to. soleil, m., sun. solennel, solemn. solennité, f., solemn feast. solitaire, solitary, in solitude. sombre, dark, gloomy. sommeil, m., sleep. sommeiller, to sleep. son, m., sound. son, sa, ses, his, her, its. songe, m., dream. songer à, to think of. sort, m., fate. sortir, to go out, come (on the stage). soudain, sudden, suddenly. souffle, m., breath. souffler, to blow, breathe. souffrir, to suffer, allow. souhaiter, to wish. soulager, to relieve, lighten, soumis, (past part. of soumettre), submissive, obedient. soupçonner, to suspect. soupir, m., sigh. soupirer, to sigh, sigh over, deplore. sourd, deaf. sous, under, beneath. soutenir, to hold up, support, maintain; withstand, stand. soutien, m., support, supporter. souvenir (se), to remember. souvent, often. souverain, sovereign. spectacle, m., show, spectacle, display. splendent, f., splendor. subtil, subtle, keen; trop —, over-nice, over-ingenious, succès, m., success, result. suffire, to suffice, be enough. suffrage, m., claim to preference. suite, f., escort; de la — de, in attendance upon, in waiting upon. suivre, to follow, attend. sujet, m., subject, cause. superbe, haughty, magnificent. superflu, superfluous, idle. supplice, m., punishment, penalty. suprême, supreme. sur, on, upon, over. surprendre, to take by surprise, unawares. surtout, above all, especially. Suse, Susa, (in the Bible: Shushan the palace). suspendre, to keep in suspense, delay, interrupt.

T

taire (se), to keep silence, be silent; faire —, to silence. tandis que, while, so long as. tant, so much; — de, so much, so many. tard, late. tarder, to delay. teint, m., complexion, cheeks. tel, such; — que, such as. témoin, m., witness. tempête, f., tempest, storm. temps, m., time; en même —, at the same time. tendre, to aim; stretch, extend, hold out. tendre, tender, loving. tendresse, f., affection, love. ténèbres, f. pl., darkness. tenir, to hold, keep; — lieu de, to fill the place of. terminer, to put an end to. terre, f., earth. terreur, f., terror. terrible, terrible, dreadful, frightful. tête, f., head. théâtre, m., theater, stage. tigre, m., tiger. timide, timid. tirer, to draw. toi, thou, thee. tombeau, m., tomb, grave. tomber, to fall. ton, ta, tes, thy. tonnerre, m., thunder. tôt, soon. toucher, to touch, move. toujours, always, ever, still. tour, m., turn, round. tour, f., tower. tourment, m., torture. tourmenter, to torment. tourner, to turn. tous, pl., all. tout, all, whole; everything; only, quite. toutefois, however. tracer, to trace, write, enter. trahir, to betray. traîner, to drag. trait, m., shaft, arrow, traiter, to treat; — de, to consider as, call. traître, m., traitor. trame, f., plot. tranquille, tranquil, calm. transplanter, to transplant. transport, m., rage, temper. trembler, to tremble. trépas, m., death. trésor, m., treasure, treasury. tribu, f., tribe. triomphe, m., triumph, achievement. triste, sad. tristesse, f., sadness. trois, three. troisième, third. tromper, to deceive, disappoint; se —, to be in error. trompeu-r, -se, deceitful, deceptive, treacherous. tronc, m., (tree) trunk. trône, m., throne. trop, too, too much, over. trouble, m., agitation. troubler, to disturb. troupe, f., band. troupeau, m., flock, herd. trouver, to find; se —, to be found. tumulte, m., tumult, bustle, 'madding crowd.' tumultueux, tumultuous, multitudinous. tyrannie, f., tyranny.

U

  un, a, one.
  unir (s'), to unite.
  univers, m., universe, the whole universe.
  usage, m., use, custom, precedent.
  usure, f., usury, usurious interest; payer avec —,
    to pay heavily for.

V

vain, vain, idle, empty, unreal; en —, in vain; —ement, uselessly. vaincre, to conquer. vainqueur, m., conqueror, victor. valeur, f., valor. vallee, f., valley, vale. valoir, to be worth; faire —, to show off, make the most of. vanter, to boast, claim. vapeur, f., vapor, mirkiness. vaste, vast. vautour, m., vulture. veiller, to watch. veine, f., vein. vengeance, f., vengeance, punishment, revenge. venger, to avenge. vengeur, avenging; m., avenger. venir, to come; — de, to have just. vent, m., wind. vérité, f., truth. vers, towards. verser, to pour. vertu, f; virtue, power. vertueux, virtuous. vêtements, m. pl., raiment. veuve, f; widow. victime, f., victim. victoire, f., victory. victorieu-x, -se, victorious. vie, f., life. vieillard, m., old man, vil, vile, helpless. violer, to violate, break. visage, m., face. vivre, to live. voeu, m., vow, prayer, desire. voici, here is; me —, here I am. voilà, there is! that is. voile, m., veil, screen, curtain. voir, to see. voix, f., voice. voler, to fly. volonté, f., will. votre, pl. vos, your. vôtre; le, la —, yours. vouloir, to wish, try, need, require; — bien, to deign, condescend. vrai, true. vue, f., sight.

Y

y, there, in it, to it. yeux, pl. of oeil, m., eyes, à tes —, in thy sight.

Z

zèle, m., zeal. zélé, zealous.